مجله‌ي بین المللی غدد درون‌ريز و متابوليسمInt J Endocrinol MetabMedical Scienceshttp://www.ijem.org1726-913Xen

New Developments in the Management of Thyroid Disorders Azizi FAzizi FEndocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University (MC), Tehran, I. R. IranEditorialNot ApplicableNot ApplicableThyroid disorder managementsFereidoun Azizi, M.D. Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University (MC), Tehran, I. R. Iran10/18/2008 12:00:00 AM10/30/2008 12:00:00 AMazizi@endocrine.ac.ir3121123http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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Complementary and Alternative Treatments for Diabetes Mellitus: Herbal Remedies and Adulteration with Synthetic Drugs Schatz HSchatz H_Comment__Alternative medicine in diabetesHelmut Schatz10/10/2008 12:00:00 AM10/30/2008 12:00:00 AMhelmut.schatz@ruhr-uni-bochum.de3124126http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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Postnatal Changes in Ghrelin, Adiponectin, Insulin and Leptin Concentrations in Term NewbornsHytinantti T^a, Kajantie E^b, Karonen SL^c, Andersson S^dHytinantti T^a Kajantie E<sup>b</sup> Karonen SL<sup>c</sup> Andersson S<sup>d</sup><sup>a,b,d</sup>Hospital for Children and Adolescents, <sup>d</sup> Department of Clinical Chemistry <sup>a</sup>Helsinki City Maternity Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, <sup>b</sup>NatOriginal ArticleBirth denotes a sharp transition from constant placental nutrient delivery to independent regu-lation of energy intake and expenditure. Adipo-nectin, ghrelin, insulin and leptin are key hor-mones regulating appetite and energy homeosta-sis and could therefore be crucial components of postnatal adaptation. We studied the changes and relationships in these hormones and their correlation to clinical variables during adaptation to extrauterine life. Materials and Methods: Plasma venous adipo-nectin, ghrelin, insulin and leptin concentrations were measured at birth and controlled during early postnatal days (59.4+15.4 [SD] h, range 36-93 h) for 38 healthy newborn infants [(20 male, 18 female), gestational age 40.2+0.9 wk (mean+SD), range 37.9 to 42.1 wk] born from uncomplicated pregnancies. Results: Median adiponectin concentration at birth was at 25. 1 &amp;amp;#181;g/mL (interquartile range 20. 0–29. 1 &amp;amp;#181;g/mL) and during early postnatal days 17. 8 &amp;amp;#181;g/mL (10.7-23.3; 95% CI of difference 26 to 46%). Median ghrelin concentration in cord plasma was 651 pg/mL (539-830) which during early postnatal days had decreased to 537 pg/mL (476-723; 95% CI 6 to 23%). At birth, median in-sulin concentration was 7.35 mU/L (6.53-9.43) and, during early postnatal days age, this was 4.35 mU/L (3.43-6.03; 95% CI 33 to 53%). At birth, median leptin concentration was 4.60 &amp;amp;#181;g/L (3.51-5.84) and during early postnatal days was 0. 83 &amp;amp;#181;g/L, (0. 65-1. 06; 95% CI 78 to 85%). At birth no correlation between hormone concentrations and gestational age or birth weight existed. During early postnatal days, adiponectin was positively (r=0. 49) correlated with ghrelin concentrations. Conclusion: In healthy term infants, the change from fetal to extrauterine life is accompanied by a decrease in circulating adiponectin, ghrelin, in-sulin and leptin suggesting distinct roles of these hormones in postnatal adaptation. Adiponectin, Ghrelin, Term new-bornsPostnatal changes of adiponectin, hormonesTimo Hytinantti5/25/2008 12:00:00 AM10/16/2008 12:00:00 AMtimo.hytinantti@hus.fi3127134http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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Radioiodine Therapy Induced Cytotoxicity in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid CarcinomaHooman A, Mogharrabi M, Solooki M, Mosaffa N, Tabeie F, Shafiee Hooman A Mogharrabi M Solooki M Mosaffa N Tabeie F Shafiee Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University (MC), Tehran, I. R. IranOriginal ArticleCytological radiation damage to lymphocytes can result in augmentation of cells with micro-nuclei. In this study we investigated cytological radiation damage to peripheral blood lympho-cytes using the the micronuclei assay (MNA) me-thod, considering the value of 131I in diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine and high ab-sorbed dose of 131I radioiodine in comparison with gamma emitters and the effect of type of radiation, dose and species on radiosensitivity of patient. At present no similar investigation from Iran has been reported evaluating the cytological radiotoxicity of therapeutic radiotracers such as 131I. Materials and Methods: We studied 22 patients with differential thyroid carcinoma referred for treatment with 100 or 150 mci 131I. Peripheral lymphocytes were harvested and isolated by a cytological method and assayed for frequency of micronuclei as a marker of cytological radiotox-icity before and one week after treatment. Results: The means for micronuclei per one hundred binuclear lymphocytes were 6. 3±2.2 be-fore treatment and 9. 6±3.1 after treatment. These differences in the number of micronuclei was statistically significant (p<0. 05). Conclusions: High doses of radioiodine therapy used after surgery in differentiated thyroid car-cinoma can increase micronuclei among peri-pheral lymphocytes as an indirect marker of chromosomal aberrations and cytotoxic radiation damage. Thyroid carcinoma, radioiodine therapy, micronuclei, lymphocyte, radiation, chromosomal aberration, cytotoxic damageRadiotherapy induced cytoxicity in thyroid carcinomaAref Hooman9/29/2008 12:00:00 AM9/30/2008 12:00:00 AMdr.arefhooman@gmail.com3135139http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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Macroprolactinemia in Patients Presenting with Hyperandrogenic Symptoms and HyperprolactinemiaTaghavi M, Sedigheh FTaghavi M Sedigheh FEndocrine Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranOriginal ArticleMacroprolactinemia may account for a signifi-cant number of hyperprolactinemic sera includ-ing hyperandrogenemic women and this may lead to unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and false exclusion of PCOS. The aim of this study was to evaluate macroprolactinemia in women with hyperandrogenemic symptoms and hyperprola-ctinemia. Materials and Methods: In a series of 200 hyper-androgenemic women aged 14-40 year, present-ing to the endocrine clinic of Ghaem Hospital between 2004-2006, serum prolactin was meas-ured. Those with hyperprolactinemia (prolactin >35μg/L), were studied for the presence of ma-croprolactinemia using the by polyethylenegly-col precipitation test (PEG). Results: Mean age of hyperandrogenic women was 24.0±5.6 years; 38 (19%) of the patients had serum prolactin >30 µg/L and in 9 of them the rise was >35 µg/L. Macroprolactinemia was de-tected in 5 of those with serum prolactin >35 µg/L who also carried the diagnosis of PCOS. In the remaining 4 patients there was true hyper-prolactinemia and prolactin remained elevated after PEG precipitation test (52±10, vs 48±9 µg/L, respectively). Conclusion: It is necessary to rule out macropr-olactinemia in women presenting with hyperan-drogenemic symptoms and hyperprolactinemia to prevent false exclusion of PCOS. This may help to avoid expensive and unnecessary diag-nostic procedures and inappropriate use of do-paminergic agonists. Macroprolactinemia, Hyperprolacti-nemia, Hyperandrogenism, polyethyleneglycol precipitation testMacroprolactinemia in hyperprolactinemiaMorteza Taghavi8/26/2008 12:00:00 AM11/1/2008 12:00:00 AMmortezataghavi2003@yahoo.com 3140143http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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The Effect of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) on Oxidative Stress Status in the Small Intestine of Diabetic RatsKhadem Ansari MH<SUP>a</SUP>, Karimipour M<SUP>b</SUP>, Salami S<SUP>a</SUP>, Shirpoor A<SUP>c</SUP>Khadem Ansari MH<SUP>a</SUP> Karimipour M<SUP>b</SUP> Salami S<SUP>a</SUP> Shirpoor A<SUP>c</SUP><SUP>a</SUP>Department of Biochemistry,<SUP> b</SUP> Department of Anatomy and <SUP>c</SUP> Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, I. R. IranOriginal ArticleOxidative stress is produced under diabetic con-ditions and possibly causes various forms of tis-sue damage in patients with diabetes. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of ginger on the occurrence of oxidative stress in the small intestine of diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male Wis-tar rats were divided into three groups: control group, nontreated diabetic group, and diabetic group treated with ginger powder as 5% of their daily food. After 6 weeks, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase levels of the small intestine were measured. Results: Diabetes caused significant increase of small intestine lipid peroxidation, protein oxida-tion, and SOD levels and decrease of catalase ac-tivity. Lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation were attenuated after consumption of ginger in the diabetic rats, and increased catalase activity. Conclusions: These findings indicate that ginger, as an oxidant, improves diabetes induced oxidative stress and its complications through prevention of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. Diabetes. Ginger, Oxidative stress, Small intestine, Rat Effect of Ginger on oxidative stressAlireza Shirpoor8/7/2008 12:00:00 AM10/27/2008 12:00:00 AMashirpoor@Yahoo.com3140144http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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Before Moving Towards Recombinant Thyrotropin, Can We Benefit From Anti-Thyroid Drugs? A Case StudySoltani A<SUP>a</SUP>, Rahimian N<SUP>b</SUP>, Rahbar Z<SUP>b</SUP>, Moosapour H<SUP>a</SUP>Soltani A<SUP>a</SUP> Rahimian N<SUP>b</SUP> Rahbar Z<SUP>b</SUP> Moosapour H<SUP>a</SUP><SUP>a</SUP>Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism Research Centre, Shariati Hospital and <SUP>b</SUP> Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I. R. Iran Case ReportIn patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma, performing an effective radioactive iodine abla-tion after total thyroidectomy requires adequate levels of serum thyrotropin. Administration of recombinant human thyroid stimulating hor-mone (rhTSH) is the current established method for patients with insufficient serum TSH levels four to six weeks after surgery and levothyroxine discontinuation. Two major problems with rhTSH are its cost and availability in most countries worldwide. We have used propylthiouracil (PTU), a routine anti-thyroid drug, for the first time to induce a TSH rise. Our patient was a 33-year-old woman with remnant thyroid tissue of 11. 5&amp;amp;#215;4 mm after thyroidectomy. Her TSH was 12.7 &amp;amp;#181;IU/ml, five weeks after surgery, and rose to 30. 0 &amp;amp;#181;IU/ml after a 10 day trial of PTU. Radioiodine uptake index also increased from 28% to 56%. Radioiodine ablation was successfully done and patient showed no sign of recurrence or me-tastasis after 4 years. We propose that anti-thyroid drugs may be considered for post-operative induction of TSH rise in patients con-sidered for radioiodine ablation of thyroid can-cer. This may increase the chance of successful ablations with least possible cost. Thyroid papillary carcinoma, Iodine radioisotopes, Anti-thyroid drugs, Recombinant thyrotropinRecombinant thyrotropin versus anti thyroid drugsAkbar Soltani7/9/2008 12:00:00 AM11/21/2009 12:00:00 AMsoltania@sina.tums.ac.ir3151153http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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Cushing's Syndrome Accompanied with Adrenal and Pancreatic Mass: A Case ReportAmouzegar A, Ghanei A, Azizi FAmouzegar A Ghanei A Azizi FEndocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University (MC), Tehran, I. R. IranCase ReportCushing's syndrome results from inappropriate excessive endogenous glucocorticoids secretion. It may be due to ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma, Adrenocortical adenoma, iatrogen glu-cocorticoid use, or ectopic ACTH production. Pa-tients, who remain untreated, have high morbid-ity and a significant mortality. We describe a very challenging case of Cushing's syndrome due an adrenal adenoma on a pancreatic mass. Material and Methods: A 20-year-old woman presented with sign and symptoms of Cushing syndrome. Thorough basal and dynamic hor-monal assessment. In addition, the results of im-aging studies are presented. Results: The source of ACTH secretion was adrenal adenoma, and hypercortisolism was con-trolled by adrenalectomy. A unique feature of this case is the fact that we observed an adrenal adenoma as a source of Cushing syndrome and an incidental nonfunctional pancreatic nesidiob-lastosis. Conclusion: The diagnosis of Cushing's syn-drome may turn out to be sometimes a complex and time-consuming challenge in clinical endo-crinology. Cushing's syndrome, Pancreatic tu-morCushing's syndrome with pancreatic massAtieh Amouzegar9/26/2008 12:00:00 AM11/4/2008 12:00:00 AMamouzegar@endocrine.ac.ir3154157http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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